Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is a common condition that affects up to 10% of women worldwide. PCOS is characterized by a range of symptoms that can vary from woman to woman, making it difficult to diagnose.
The symptoms of PCOS are caused by an imbalance of hormones, specifically an increase in androgen (male hormone) levels in the body. While the exact cause of PCOS is unknown, it is believed that genetics, insulin resistance, and inflammation may play a role.
Common symptoms of PCOS include:
1. Irregular periods: Women with PCOS may experience infrequent or irregular menstrual cycles due to a lack of ovulation. Some women may experience heavy or prolonged periods, while others may have very light or scanty periods.
2. Weight gain: Women with PCOS are more likely to struggle with weight gain, particularly around the waistline. This is because insulin resistance, a common feature of PCOS, can lead to increased fat storage in the abdominal area.
3. Fatigue and tiredness: Women with PCOS may experience fatigue and low energy levels due to a variety of factors, such as an underactive thyroid, low levels of vitamin B12 or vitamin D, or anemia.
4. Mood changes: Women with PCOS are at higher risk of experiencing mood swings, depression, and anxiety. This may be due to hormonal imbalances and the stress of dealing with the symptoms of PCOS.
In addition to these symptoms, women with PCOS may also experience acne, excess hair growth (hirsutism), and fertility problems. If you suspect that you have PCOS, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.